Guía de cribado del cáncer de cuello de útero en España, 2014 / No disponible

No disponible

Guía de cribado del cáncer de cuello de útero en España, 2014 / No disponible

No disponible

Quimioterapia neoadyuvante en cáncer de mama precoz / Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage breast cancer

Objetivos. La quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QNA) es el tratamiento de elección en las pacientes con cáncer de mama localmente avanzado. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la utilidad de QNA en tumores pequeños pero con factores pronósticos desfavorables. Material y métodos. Se compara la respuesta a la QNA en pacientes con tamaño tumoral T3-T4 frente a T1c-T2. Desde enero de 2000 a enero de 2011, 110 pacientes han recibido QNA. Se han revisado los datos demográficos, el tamaño tumoral, los factores pronósticos, la respuesta radiológica y anatomopatológica a la QNA, según la clasificación de Miller y Payne (MP), y la supervivencia en ambos grupos. Resultados. Se revisaron 76 casos en el grupo T1c-T2 y 34 en el T3-T4. En el grupo T3-T4 se observó en mayor porcentaje tumores con factores pronósticos desfavorables (afectación ganglionar, receptores hormonales negativos y Her2Neu positivo). En el grupo T1c-T2, 23 casos (30,3%) recibieron antraciclinas y 53 (69,7%) antraciclinas y taxanos, mientras que en el grupo T3-T4, 10 (29,4%) y 24 (70,6%) casos recibieron dichas pautas, respectivamente. En el grupo T1c-T2 se observó en mayor porcentaje el subtipo tumoral receptores hormonales positivos frente a tumores Her2Neu positivos en los T3-T4. En relación con la respuesta a la QNA no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la valoración radiológica o anatomopatológica, 38 pacientes (50%) T1c-T2 presentaron MP 4/5 frente a 16 (47,1%) en T3-T4. Conclusiones. En las pacientes con cáncer de mama precoz existe la misma respuesta anatomopatológica a la QNA que en el grupo T3-T4. En nuestro estudio, el único factor independiente asociado a la respuesta patológica tumoral es el subtipo tumoral, presentando los tumores Her2Neu positivos mejor respuesta(AU)

Aims. In locally advanced breast tumors, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is the standard treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the utility of NC in small tumors with unfavorable prognostic factors. Material and methods. We compared the response to NC in patients with T3-T4 tumors versus those with T1c-T2 tumors. From January 2000 to January 2011, 110 patients received NC. Demographic data, tumor size, prognostic factors, radiological and histopathological response according to the Miller-Payne classification and survival were reviewed. Results. We reviewed 76 patients in the T1c-T2 group and 34 in the T3-T4 groups. Tumors with poorer prognostic factors (negative hormone receptors, positive Her2Neu and metastatic nodal involvement) were observed in the T3-T4 group. In the T1c-T2 group, 23 patients (30.3%) received anthracyclines and 53 (69.7%) received anthracyclines plus taxanes. In the T3-T4 group, 10 (29.4%) and 24 (70.6%) patients received these chemotherapy regimens respectively. A higher percentage of the hormone receptor-positive tumor subtype was observed in the T1c-T2 group compared with Her2Neu-positive tumors in the T3-T4 group. No statistically significant differences in radiologic or histopathologic assessment were found: Miller-Payne grades 4/5 were found in 38 patients (50%) in the T1c-T2 group versus 16 (47.1%) in the T3-T4 group. Conclusions. Pathologic response to NC is the same in early-stage tumors as in locally-advanced breast cancer. In this study, the only independent factor associated with pathological tumor response was the tumor subtype, with the greatest response being found in Her2Neu-positive tumors(AU)

Influence of the in situ component in 389 infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to evaluate and compare lymph node involvement, as well as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), between infiltrating ductal carcinoma with (group 1) and without (group 2) intraductal carcinoma component in order to determine the prognostic value of the intraductal component. METHODS: Data from 389 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast were included in the study by means of reviewing medical charts and pathology slides. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding node status. The 5-year DFS rate was 90.7% in group 1 and 81.8% in group 2 (p = 0.014), with a median follow-up of 73.2 months (95% CI 68.3-77.4). There was no statistically significant difference in 5-year OS between groups (98% group 1 vs. 93% group 2) with a median global survival of 134 months (95% CI 131-137). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intraductal component in the infiltrating carcinoma seems to increase DFS and may be an independent and favorable prognostic factor for breast cancer.

[Node status in 454 ductal breast cancers cases according to the association with in situ component]. / Afectación ganglionar en 454 casos con carcinoma ductal infiltrante de mama según el hallazgo de componente intraductal asociado.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma develops from precursor lesions or pre-invasive. It is accepted that the risk of invasive ductal carcinoma increased slightly in hyperplasia, but especially in cases of atypical hyperplasia and intraductal carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the nodal status between ductal breast cancer with in situ component (group 1) or without it (group 2). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive and retrospective study that included 454 ductal breast cancers. Data concerning clinical and pathological variables was collected. All data was compared between both groups. RESULTS: Among all cases, 176 (38.8%) showed positive lymph nodes, 136 patients (39.5%) from group 1 and 40 cases (36.4%) from group 2. Among group 1 cases, high-grade subgroup showed higher positive lymph node rate (82 cases, 55.4%) than the extensive in situ carcinomas subgroup (84 cases, 49.7%). Both of them had a significant higher rate than group 2 cases (p = 0.003 y p = 0.028, respectively). Moreover, the low-grade in situ carcinomas without cellular necrosi had positive lymph nodes just in 30 cases (24%), significantly lower (p = 0.034) than group 2. CONCLUSIONS: We did not find overall statistical differences between groups depending on in situ associated component. But when we analyzed in situ subgroups, we found differences with higher positive lymph node rate in high grade carcinomas and extensive in situ carcinomas subgroups, while lower affectation rates were observed in low grade carcinomas (without cellular necrosis), compared to the group of breast cancers without in situ component associated.